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# !47%85 #47%85
!9:2 2
KAl SO
4 2
·12H
2
O
Al
2
O
3
Al OH
3
Al
2
O
3
+H
2
O
——
2 Al
2
O
3
+3H
+
Al
3+
+3H
2
O
Al
2
O
3
+OH
-
AlO
2-
+2H
2
O
3
1
2
Al
3+
Al OH
3
——
Al
3+
+3OHAl OH
3
H
+
+AlO
2
-
+H
2
O
Al OH
3
H
2
O+H
+
AlO
2
-
Ka6.3×10
-13
Al OH
3
+OH
-
AlO
2
-
+2H
2
O
c AlO
2
-
/c OH
-
=K=Ka/Kw=63
25%~28% 20
0.9g/cm
3
13.2~14.8mol/L
NH
3
·H
2
ONH
4
+
OH
-
c NH
4
+
·c OH
-
=K·c NH
3
·H
2
O =1.8×10
-5
×13.2 c
OH
-
=0.0154mol/L
Al OH
3
Al OH
3
OH
-
AlO
2
-
2H
2
O
OH
-
0.0154 mol/L
OH
-
0.0154-c AlO
2
-
mol/L
c AlO
2
-
/c OH
-
=63
c AlO
2
-
0.015mol/L
mAl OH
3
nAl OH
3
·MAl OH
3
=c AlO
2
-
·
V AlO
2
-
·MAl OH
3
0.015mol/L×1L×78g/mol1.17g
100 0.01~1g
1 . M .
2016.
2 . J .
2007 5 109-110.
109- -